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  1. // Torrez, Elaine                                                CS1A Chapter 7, P. 444, #2
  2. // *****************************************************************************************
  3. // RAINFALL STATISTICS  
  4. // *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
  5. // * This program asks the user to enter the total rainfall for each of 12 months.        *
  6. // * The program stores the values in an array, then calculates and displays:             *
  7. // *     - The total rainfall for the year                                                *
  8. // *     - The average monthly rainfall                                                   *
  9. // *     - The month with the highest rainfall                                            *
  10. // *     - The month with the lowest rainfall                                             *
  11. // *                                                                                      *
  12. // * INPUT:                                                                               *
  13. // *     rainfall[12] : Rainfall amount for each month                                    *
  14. // *                                                                                      *
  15. // * OUTPUT:                                                                              *
  16. // *     totalRainfall : Total rainfall for the year                                      *
  17. // *     avgRainfall   : Average monthly rainfall                                         *
  18. // *     highestMonth  : Month with the most rainfall                                     *
  19. // *     lowestMonth   : Month with the least rainfall                                    *
  20. // *                                                                                      *
  21. // * INPUT VALIDATION:                                                                    *
  22. // *     Do not accept negative numbers for rainfall amounts.                             *
  23. // *****************************************************************************************
  24.  
  25. #include <iostream>
  26. #include <iomanip>
  27. #include <string>
  28. using namespace std;
  29.  
  30. int main()
  31. {
  32.     /***** CONSTANTS *****/
  33.     const int MONTHS = 12;
  34.  
  35.     /***** VARIABLE DECLARATIONS *****/
  36.     double rainfall[MONTHS];        // Array to store rainfall for each month
  37.     string monthNames[MONTHS] = {   // Month names for display
  38.         "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June",
  39.         "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"
  40.     };
  41.  
  42.     double total = 0.0;             // Total rainfall
  43.     double average;                 // Average rainfall
  44.     double highest;                 // Highest rainfall
  45.     double lowest;                  // Lowest rainfall
  46.     int highMonth = 0;              // Index of highest rainfall month
  47.     int lowMonth = 0;               // Index of lowest rainfall month
  48.  
  49.     /***** INPUT SECTION *****/
  50.     cout << "Enter the total rainfall (in inches) for each month:\n";
  51.  
  52.     for (int i = 0; i < MONTHS; i++)
  53.     {
  54.         cout << monthNames[i] << ": ";
  55.         cin >> rainfall[i];
  56.  
  57.         // Input validation — no negative values allowed
  58.         while (rainfall[i] < 0)
  59.         {
  60.             cout << "Invalid input. Rainfall cannot be negative. Re-enter: ";
  61.             cin >> rainfall[i];
  62.         }
  63.  
  64.         total += rainfall[i]; // Add to total as we go
  65.     }
  66.  
  67.     /***** PROCESSING SECTION *****/
  68.     average = total / MONTHS;  // Calculate average
  69.  
  70.     // Initialize highest and lowest
  71.     highest = lowest = rainfall[0];
  72.  
  73.     for (int i = 1; i < MONTHS; i++)
  74.     {
  75.         if (rainfall[i] > highest)
  76.         {
  77.             highest = rainfall[i];
  78.             highMonth = i;
  79.         }
  80.         if (rainfall[i] < lowest)
  81.         {
  82.             lowest = rainfall[i];
  83.             lowMonth = i;
  84.         }
  85.     }
  86.  
  87.     /***** OUTPUT SECTION *****/
  88.     cout << fixed << setprecision(2);
  89.     cout << "\n=============================================\n";
  90.     cout << "           RAINFALL STATISTICS REPORT        \n";
  91.     cout << "=============================================\n";
  92.     cout << "Total rainfall for the year : " << total << " inches\n";
  93.     cout << "Average monthly rainfall     : " << average << " inches\n";
  94.     cout << "Highest rainfall month       : " << monthNames[highMonth]
  95.          << " (" << highest << " inches)\n";
  96.     cout << "Lowest rainfall month        : " << monthNames[lowMonth]
  97.          << " (" << lowest << " inches)\n";
  98.     cout << "=============================================\n";
  99.  
  100.     return 0;
  101. }
  102.  
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Enter the total rainfall (in inches) for each month:
January: February: March: April: May: June: July: August: September: October: November: December: 
=============================================
           RAINFALL STATISTICS REPORT        
=============================================
Total rainfall for the year : 36.70 inches
Average monthly rainfall     : 3.06 inches
Highest rainfall month       : July (5.10 inches)
Lowest rainfall month        : March (1.20 inches)
=============================================
https://ideone.com/1ZZjJx
language:
C++ (gcc 8.3)
created:
2 days ago
visibility:
public

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